Hočąk Text — The Arrows of the Medicine Rite Men, Version 2
narrated by Jasper BlowsnakeThe following are Greek letters used as morpheme abbreviations in Radin's text. The Culture of the Winnebago: As Described by Themselves can be used as a kind of Rosetta Stone for interpreting their values:
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α
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β
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γ
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ε
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η
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θ
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égi
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éja
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hą́bera
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gáją
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žésge
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jánąga
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ρ
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σ
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τ
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ω
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F
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T
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ɕ
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ánąga
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-kje
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gíži
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žegų
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hirakíware
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wąkšigo'ina
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-xjį
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In the interlinear text where the translation is missing, it has been supplied whenever possible from the English text of The Road of Life and Death (see Source below). Where a missing translation has been supplied from other sources, it is enclosed in brackets, [ ].
In The Culture of the Winnebago: As Described by Themselves, Radin has used a dot (.) after the unvoiced terminal consonant of a stem to indicate its transformation into its voiced counterpart. Here that transformation has been directly expressed. I have not done this for such consonants preceeding a hyphen.
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First Row
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"raw" text from Paul Radin, Notebook Winnebago II, #7: 213-215
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Second Row
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analytic text from The Culture of the Winnebago: As Described by Themselves
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Third Row
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revised text
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Fourth Row
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English translation based on those of The Road of Life and Death and The Culture of the Winnebago: As Described by Themselves (CW)
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hitcųcge
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gikarádjiréra
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waxopiniosdokíją
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waxopíni
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p'įná
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hitcųcgé
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gikarádjirera
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waxopíni-hosdokì-hiją
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waxopini
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pį́ra,
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Hičųšgé
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Gikarájirera
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waxopíniostokížą
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waxopini
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pį́na,
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Nephew
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He whom we Call
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a spirit gathering place
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spirits
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the good ones
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[θ]*
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wągerégiréra
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[θ]†
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maįhagerégi
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higiakijí
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djánąga
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wą́gregi-hèrera,
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djánąga
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mą-hihágeregi
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hígiakìji
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jánąga,
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wągerégiréra
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jánąga,
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mąįhagerégi,
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hígiakìži,
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the various,
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above
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the various,
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these on top of the earth,
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these who are here,
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waxopini
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p'įna
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hére[ρ´]
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mąkų́hanégi
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waxopini
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waxopini
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pį́ra,
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here-ánąga
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mąkú-hąregi
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waxopini
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waxopini
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pį́na,
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here-ánąga
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mąkúhąnegi
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waxopini
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spirits
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the good ones,
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[he had, and]
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underground
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spirits
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p'į́na
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([θ]ki)*
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jenúga
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hitcųcge
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gikarádjirera
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pį́ra
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djanągáki,
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jénųga
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hitcųcgé
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gikarádjirera
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pį́na,
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-
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žénųga
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Hičųšgé
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Gikarájirera
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the good ones,
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[all of them,]
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[so]
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Nephew
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He whom we Call
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hanątcį
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sdówahi[ρ´]
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(T-na)*
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haé
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haną́tcį
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sdówahi-ánąga.
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"wąkcig-ho'`įra
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haé
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haną́čį
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stówahi
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ánąga,
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-
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haé
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all of them
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he gathered together
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[and he said,]
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[life]
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"To discuss
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wą́gagigíregi
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(T-na)*
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p'į
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hių[σ´]ra
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hanątcį[ɕ]
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wagagigíregi,
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wąkcig-ho'į́ra
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pį
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hi'ųk-djéra
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hanątcį́xdjį
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wagagigíregi,
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-
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pį
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hi'ųkjéra.
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Hanąčį́xjį
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if they do it with us,
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[life]
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well
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we might be.
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All
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haéwągágigír[ρ´]
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[γ]
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djasgádją́ne
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[η]
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wągagiruxúrugiréra
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haéwągagigire-ànąga;
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hą́bra
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djosgehádjąra
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jésge
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wą́gagiruxùrugirèra
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haéwągagigirànąga;
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hą́bera
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jasgájąne
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žésge
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wą́gagiruxúrugirèra.
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they talk it over with us;
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Light and Life
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as much as it is
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[that kind]
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they will obtain for us.
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ep'į[ε´]
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tcíra
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hoí[ɕ]
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djasgágere
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me[η´]
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e
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pįgádją.
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tcira
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hóixdjį
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djasgágere
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méjesge
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E
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pįgáją.
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Čira
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hoíxjį
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jasgágere
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méžesge
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It
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it will be good.
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The lodge
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full
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to capacity
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[that way]
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mįkíji
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tciokiságera
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haną́tcį[ɕ]
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([β]cana)*
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dją́bera
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mįkgíji.
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tci-hokiságra
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hanątcį́xdjį
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edjácaną
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djąbra
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mįkíži
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Čiokiságera
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hanąčį́xjį
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-
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jąbera
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it lay.
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The center of the lodge
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all of them
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[there only]
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the glance
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hirakére
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híminógirèje
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[τ´]
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tciokiságera
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[γ]
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hirakére
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himiną́gireje
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giji.
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tci-hokiságra
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hą́bra
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hirakére
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himiną́gireže
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giži.
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Čiokiságera
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hą́bera
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it reached
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they were sitting
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[.]
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The center of the lodge
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Light and Life
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rukírikíri
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mį́kce.
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[α]
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wą́gerégi
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wogų́zohúra
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rukirikiri
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mį́kje.
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égi
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wą́gregi
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wogų́z-hohùra
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rukírikíri
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mį́kše.
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Égi
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wą́geregi
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wogų́zohùra
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sparkling and shimmering
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it lay.
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Then
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from above
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the creation came from
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hatcį́djiregí
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[β]
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wajągų́zera
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wokúruxútc
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huhíje
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hatcįdjéregi
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édja
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wajągų́zra
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wokúruxutc
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huhíje
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hačįjéregi
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éja
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Wažągų́zera
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wokúruxuč
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huhíže
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wherever it is
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there
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the Creator
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glance
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he sent it down
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[ε´]
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djágwaperézke
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jesgánąkce
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[τ´]
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wakaraípįje
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gadją.
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djagú-haperésge
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jesge-han`ąkje
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giji.
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wakaráipįje
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gają.
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Jagwaperésge
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žesgánąkše
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giži.
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Wakaraípįže
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[.]
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He knew what
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the way it was
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[.]
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He liked his own.
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wogų́zera
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xgícgunią́kiji
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[α]
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wagiwéwįje
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wają́niją
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wogų́zra
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xgicguni-`ąkgiji.
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égi
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wagiwewį́je
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wają́-hiją
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Wogų́zera
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xgíšgunią́kiži.
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Égi
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wagiwewį́že,
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wažą́nižą
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The creation
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it was quiet.
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And
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He meditated about it,
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[something]
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hokicgaínegi
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pįná
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hire[τ´]
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wagiwéwį[ε´]
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hipérezcé
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hokicgą-iregi
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pį́ra
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hiregíji.
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wagiwéwįgadją
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hipéresje
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hokišgaínegi
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pį́na
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hiregíži.
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Wagiwéwįgają,
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hipéresše
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to have joined them*
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the good
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he thought.
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Pondering about this,
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[he knew]
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hominógenǫka
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[β]
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waųjé
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mąxísgara
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kerátcora
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hominą́gnąka.
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édja
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wa'ųjé
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mąxískara
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kera tcóra
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hominą́genąka.
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Éja
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wa'ųžé.
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Mąxískara
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keračóra
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where he was sitting.*
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There
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he did it.
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The white cloud
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the blue sky
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hirokihapórokce
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[γ]
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wátco[τ´]
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jésgadjinǫ[τ´]
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[α]
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hiroki hapórokje.
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hą́bra
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watcogíji
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jesge-hádjinąkgìji.
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égi
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hirokihapórokše.
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Hą́bera
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wačokíži
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žesgájinąkìži.
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Égi
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he rolled together.
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The Light and Life
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joyous and pleasant
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that way it became.
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Then
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wą́gerégi
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húgigijé
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wogų́zotcira
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tcáwa
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húgigigí
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wą́gregi
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hugigíje
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wogų́z-hotcira
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tcawa
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húgigigi
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wą́geregi
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hugigíže.
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Wogų́zočira
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čawa
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húgigigi.
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from above
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he sent.
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Creation Lodge
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towards
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he dispatched.
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-
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wą́gerégi
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[γ]
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higighúk
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hujé
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wą́gregi.
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wą́gregi*
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hą́bra
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higighúk
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hujé
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-
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Wą́geregi
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hą́bera
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higiǧúk
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hužé
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[from above]
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From above
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Light and Life
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he lengthened out†
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it came.
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herécgera
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[θ]
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mąxíwicicigera*
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hanątcį[ɕ]
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wídjasą́djera
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herécgera
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djánąga
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mąxíwicicígra
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hanątcį́xdjį
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wídj-has`ądjra
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Heréšgera
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jánąga
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mąxíwišišígra
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hanąčį́xjį
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wíjasą́jera
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Even then
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as many as there were
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the evil clouds
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all that existed
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beyond the island.†
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howacgáp
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hujé
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[τ´]
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[γ]
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kárapiésge
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howacgáp
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hujé
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giji.
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Hą́bra
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karapiésgé
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howašgáp
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hužé
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giži.
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Hą́bera
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karapiésgé
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to crowd
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[he came]
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[.]
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The day
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it looked good
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kiridjéhije
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wakírihókere
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ų́nacana
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djagú
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roikaráiresgé
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kiridjéhije.
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wakirihókere
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'ųracáną
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djagú
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roikaráiresge
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kirijéhiže.
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Wakirihókere
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'ųnašáną
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jagú
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roikaráiresge
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he made it.
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The spider*
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as he makes
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[how]
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I wonder is he spreading it
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nąjį́je
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[γ]*
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[α]
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wogų́zotcíra
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acgé
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nąjį́je
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gíji.
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égi
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wogų́z-hotcira
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acge
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nąžį́že
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gíži.
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Égi
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Wogų́zočira
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ašge
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it stood
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[.]
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And
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the Creation Lodge
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near
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dji[ε´]
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docónogéga
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wanįkxú
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waíhagera
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hipérezcé
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djigádją
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docónogéga
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wánįk xu
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wáihagra
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hipéresje.
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jigáją,
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Tošónogéga
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wánįkxu
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waíhagera
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hipéresše.
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[when it came,]
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Otter
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bird skins
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the last one
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he recognized it.
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hipéres[τ´]
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tcira
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hewą́gerégi
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dji[ε´]
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hikip'á
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hiperesgádją
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tcíra
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hewą́gregi
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djigádją
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hikipá
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Hiperesgáją
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číra
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hewą́geregi
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jigáją,
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hikipá
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When he recognized it
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the lodge
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over the top
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when it came,
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to meet
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hanį́guje
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hanį́gu[ε´]
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[γ]
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hogurap'ahí
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gisąsą́kce
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hanį́guje.
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hanį́gugádją
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hąbra
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hogura pahi
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gisąsą́kje
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hanį́guže.
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Hanį́gugáją
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hąbera
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hogurapahí
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gisąsą́kše.
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he took it.
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After he took it,
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the light
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towards the east
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it shook.*
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ksapk'įnípgi
|
kikawau[ρ´]
|
djásgowaną́gere
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[ω]
|
howákirí[ρ]
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ksap-kįnįpgi
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kíkawa'u-ànąga
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djásge-howaną́gre
|
jegų
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hówakiri-ànąga
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ksapkįnįpgi
|
kíkawa'uànąga
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jásgowaną́gere,
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žegų
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hówakiriànąga
|
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When he became alive,
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he got up and
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the way they are talking,
|
then
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he came back and
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tciókiság[β]*
|
hiwaóxdjire[ε´]
|
[γ]
|
wą́gerégi
|
húnihéra
|
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tci-hoság-edja
|
hiwa'óxdjiregadją
|
hą́bra
|
wą́gregi
|
hu nihéra
|
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čiókiságeja
|
hiwa'óxjiregają,
|
hą́bera
|
wą́geregi
|
hunihéra
|
|
in the center of the lodge
|
making a guttural cough,†
|
Light and Life
|
from above
|
that came
|
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gicóratcdjirehíje
|
[γ]
|
rugigís
|
kírinǫ́kije
|
|
|
gicorátc
|
djirehíje.
|
hą́bra
|
rugigís
|
kírinąg-hìje.
|
|
gišoráčjirehíže.
|
Hą́bera
|
rugigís
|
kírinąkìže.
|
|
|
he threw it up.
|
The Light and Life
|
round
|
[he made it appear.]
|
|
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[α]
|
hirahiroítcą
|
ki[ρ´]
|
[α]
|
ruhaínągígi
|
[α]
|
|
égi
|
hirahiróitcą
|
ki-ánąga
|
égi
|
ruhá-hinągìgi*
|
égi
|
|
Égi
|
hirahiroíčą
|
kiánąga
|
égi
|
ruhaínągìgi,
|
égi
|
|
And
|
towards it
|
he made himself,
|
then
|
he moved it on to the next place,
|
and
|
|
hirakíware
|
hiádjiarairegi*
|
[γ]
|
higighuk
|
djiránąjį́je
|
|
hira-kíware
|
hiádji-háràiregi
|
hą́bra
|
higighúk
|
jiránąjįje.
|
|
hirakíware
|
hiájiáraìregi,
|
hą́bera
|
higiǧúk
|
jiránąžįže.
|
|
now in turn
|
as it was passed from one to another,
|
the Light and Life
|
it became lengthened
|
it went about.
|
|
hanątcį[ɕ]
|
[F´]
|
hire[ε´]
|
tcíra
|
hanątcį
|
|
Haną́tcįxdjį
|
hirakíware
|
hiregádją.
|
tcíra
|
haną́tcį
|
|
Haną́čįxjį
|
hirakíware
|
hiregáją.
|
Číra
|
haną́čį
|
|
All
|
now in turn
|
they did.
|
The lodge
|
all
|
|
hahí
|
hąp
|
mį́kce
|
|
hahí
|
hąp
|
mį́kje.
|
|
hahí
|
hąp
|
mį́kše.
|
|
as it went
|
Light and Life
|
it lay.
|
Jasper Blowsnake, Untitled, in Paul Radin, Winnebago Notebooks, Freeman #3887 (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Library, n.d.) Winnebago II, #7: 213-215. This was published as a Hočąk text with numbered sentences followed by an English translation in Paul Radin, The Culture of the Winnebago: As Defined by Themselves International Journal of American Linguistics, Memoirs, 3 (1950): pp. 35-36, sentences 647-671. A free translation is found in Paul Radin, The Road of Life and Death: A Ritual Drama of the American Indians. Bollingen Series V (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1973 [1945]) 288-289.