Hocąk Text — The Bear Feast

Hocąk Text — The Bear Feast

Original Texts, Notebook 24: | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |

Original Texts, Winnebago III, #7: | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |

Stylistic Features

	hapaxlegomena: hagējīni, "behind"; hąkiją hiniąjē, "don't do otherwise"; higit’ą̄p, "to place something" (< higit’ą̄bwirē); hižakere, "to put something on something" (as a kettle on the fire); hižąkira used as a verb, "to be only one"; mąrác, expanding the sense from "to make an appointment, date," to "to promise to do"; nąbánį̄k, "fork" (utensil); šanąkjį (< šaną-kjį), "only".
	rare words: gizo, "to be faithful" (< hįragízoxjįwiną, "you have acted faithfully for us") is probably Kingswan's gizó, "said of a gun, straight shot" (being faithful = straight shooter); horuc, "meal" (as in dinner); težegųkíra, "this only".
	a fondness for the expresson teérena, "here it is," rather like the French voilà.
	a very heavy use of aíreną, "they say, it is said".
	a complete absence of žigé, "again", as a narrative flow particle.

Line 1	Winnebago III, #7	A carefully transcribed text with sentence numbers but without diacritical marks. Underlines have been replaced with ogeneks.
Line 2	Notebook 24	Used to supply diacritical marks and translation.
Line 3	Translation	Brackets [] indicate translations supplied from other sources. Translations not in brackets are from Notebook 24.

Winnebago III, #7:7 = Notebook 24:11				Notebook 24:12
¶ ¹"Hąho,	manųpera	wirawiacinina	tcąt’įną.	²ho	epíną.	³ djihure	deereną:	dee
"Hąho,	manąpera	wirawiašinina	cąt’įną.	Ho,	epíną.	Jihuré	teéreną:	tee
"[Exclamation of greeting],	[soldiers]	your reward (?)*	[it is visible].	[Ho,]	[it is good.]	Come forth	[here it is:]	in this

* Shiela Shigley suggests that wirawiašinina (wirawiašįnįną) could be woirowe-hašiniwira [elided as wirowiašįnįįną], "your reward," which is attested in the Gospel of Luke. Radin's translation remains inscrutable.

hirokipunųreną.	⁴ wahuiedja	wająniją	hiraikiraguigiji
hirokipunų̆́reną.	Wahuiedja	wažą́nižą	hiraikiragŭigiži,
they are led to be remembered.	From where we came from	[something]	if we were even [equal to] any [task],

hakdja	hidja	howarehakdje	hįgaireną.	⁵ deereną,	wohra	hidjakerere,	wohǫra	hidja	hakereną.
hakjá	hijá	howárehakje,	hįgaireną.	Teéreną,	wohǭra	hijakererē,	wohǭ́ra	hija	hakereną.
[back]	there	I should send it,	[I am told.]	[Here it is,]	the kettle	put it on,	[the kettle]	[there]	[I put on.]

⁶ reγinįgiją	hijąkiraną	deereną.	⁷ nąboruxadjera	deįgineną.	⁸ egi	djanąga	wąkcik’iągere
Reǧinįgižą	hižąkiraną,	tēéreną.	Nąboraxajᵋra	teį̄gíreną.	Egi	jánąga	wąkšik’ią́̄gᵋrē
A little kettle*	there was only one,	[here it is.]	My offering	it is in this.	[And]	[all]	that live,

* the translation has, "the little kettle."

dee	hanątc	hiruapuna	wa’unąkcaną.	⁹wagigo	xede	nąbiruxadjenągere	hikisgeje	aireną,	esge
téē	hanąc	hiruápunu	wa’unąkšaną.	Wagigo	xētē	nąbiruxadjenągᵋrē	hikisgéže,	aíreną.	Esge,
[these]	all	I plead for	in this act.	Feast	big	offerings	it is not equal to,	[it is said.]	[So,]

mejesge	aireną.	¹⁰ egi	hatcindja	hu-iakorohiwina	c’agwahawira	tciaperekdjone
mežesge	aíreną.	Egi	hacį̄ja	hu-iakōrohiwina,*	š’agwahawira	ciaperekjōnē,
[this is what]	[they say.]	[And]	from where	we were about to come here,	our [ancestors]	would remain at home,†

* hi is written above the line with a caret.
† above this phrase is written, "(spirit)".

	Notebook 24:13
aireną,	¹¹ egi	dee	hįkarakdjǫbenikdjonihawiną,	jee	aireną.	¹² dee	wagaireną.
aíreną.	Égi	tēḗ	hį̄karakjǭbᵋnį̄kjōnihawiną.	Žēē	aíreną.	Tēē	wagaíreną.
[it is said.]	[And]	[these]	[they] would be in a state of expectation.*	[This]	[they say.]	[This]	[it is what they meant].

* the translation has "he" in place of "they".

nąbiruxatc	dee	wagaireną.	¹³ egi	honįgidagikdjonihawiną;	dani	hiwogijukdjawiną,	nąbanįgera
Nąbiruxac	tēē	wagaíreną.	Egi	honį̄gitagikjōniháwiną;	tani*	hiwogižukjawiną,	nąbánį̄gᵋra
[Offering]	[this]	[they meant].	[And]	I'll tell you:	[tobacco]	we'll pour for them,	forks

* in Notebook 24:13, something has been lined out after dani.

djopiwi	higit’ąbwire,	pedjitcedjeregi	wat’ųbwire.	¹⁴ hanąxgųwįre	dani	nopaxųkdjoniheną,
jopiwi	higit’ą̄bwirē,	pejicējēregi	wat’ų̄bwírē.	Hanąxgų̄́wįrē,	tani	nopaxų̄kjōnihéną,
four	place them there,*	by the edge of the fire	[place them].	Listen,	[tobacco]	I'm going to pour,

* the original translation, "together" has been lined out.

hanąxgųwįre.	¹⁵ sanįk	siniohuhiregi	egi	wajągųzera	jesge	nįgųzwiną.	¶ ¹⁶ "Egi
hanąxgų̄́wįrē,*	sanį̄k	sīniohuhíregi,	egi	wajągų̄́zᵋra	žesge	nį̄gų̄zwiną.	"Egi
so listen,	[side]	[where it is cold (north),]	[and]	[the Creator]	[this way]	he created.	["Then]

* Notebook 24 has hanañxgûⁿ´wiṇê.

					Winnebago III, #7:8
kikinųbera	djopiwi	egi	nįt’ąbwiną.	¹⁷ edja	hawira	dee	hirorapunuwiną,
kíkinų̄bᵋra	jopiwi	egi	nį̄t’ų̄bwíną.	Eja	hawíra	tēē	hirorapunuwíną,
[the brothers]	[four]	[here]	he placed you.	[There]	when we start away	[these]	we ask to be remembered by,

Notebook 24:14
deereną;	danina,	mącųra,	wohǫra,	deereną.	¹⁸ de	nąbiruxadjera	deereną.	¹⁹ egi	wajągųzera
tēḗreną;	taníra,	mąšúra,	wohǭra,	tēḗreną.	Te	nąbiruxájᵋra*	tēéreną.	Egi	wajągų̄zᵋra
[here it is;]	[tobacco]	[feathers]	[the kettle]	[here they are.]	[These]	[offerings]	[here they are.]	[And]	[the Creator]

* Notebook 24:14 has denaⁿbiruxádjᴇra.

hąpdjoni	jesge	hicurukonokdjawi	jesge.	—*	²⁰ wąkcigo‘į	hicurukonowiną,	nicge
hąpjōni	žesge	hišurukonōkjawi,	žesge	ų̄gigíwiną.	Wąkcigo‘įra†	hišurukōnōwiną.	Nišgē
[Light and Life]	kind	you would be in charge of,	[this way]	he made you.	[Life]	[you are in charge of].	We in turn

* this word was omitted in Winnebago III, #7:8, sentence 19.
† Notebook 24:14 has Xo-îⁿ-.

dee	nįgidawiną:	dee	curuzwigiji	nicge	djagu	nįgidawire,	nicge	jesge	hanįkdjonihawiną.	²¹ djagu
tēē	nį̄gítawiną:	tēē	šuruzwígiži,	nīšgē	jagu	nį̄gitawirē,	nišgē	žesge	hanįkjōniháwiną.	Jagú
[this]	I ask of you:	[this]	when you take it,	also	[what]	we ask of you,	[also]	[this kind]	we will receive.	[What]

hirorapunuwiną,	deeredjigo.	²² mejesge	aireną.	wąkcik hiwi-įwiną,	dee	hereną.	²³ egi
hirōrápunuwiną,	tēērejigo!*	Mežesge	aíreną.	Wą̄kšík hiwi’į́winą,	tēē	heréną.	Egi
[we ask to be remembered by,]	[here they aaaarrrrre!]	[Thus]	[they say].	The ones we live from,†	these	they are.	[And]

* a long, drawn out /ą/ becomes an /o/.
† see Miner: wą̄kšík hįwį’į́wįná, "our ancestors (those who brought us into the world, to life)."

						Notebook 24:15
mejesge	mąradjireną.*	²⁴ djanąga	hokikaradjera	herera	hanątc	hirokarapunuwi	hiwánągwiną,
mežesge	mąrájireną.	Janąga	hokikaradjᵋra	herera,	hanąc	hirokarapunuwi	hiwánā́gwiną.
[this]	they promised to do.	[As many of]	[the relatives]	[there are],	[all]	we are pleading for	as we say this.

* Winnebago III, #7:8 has nąradjireną. Cf. mąrác, "to make an appointment", and mąrájše (m Ltt dAe), "he made a date".

jesgekdjoniheje	aireną.	²⁵ hokikawa’ųwiną,	dee	hereną.	²⁶ egi	wąkcigo’įra	wągamącdjąkdjonihawije	aireje
Žesgekjōniheže,	aíreną.	Hokikawa’ų̄winą,	tēē	heréną.	Egi	wąkcigo’į̄ra	wągamąšjąkjōnihawiže,	aíreže,
[Thus it will be,]	[it is said].	Where we arise from	[that]	[it is].	[Then]	[the life]	it will be strong,	[they say,]

aireną	²⁷ deereną.	¶ ²⁸ waroγi	dee	hiropunuireną,	dee	honįgidak	hanogwire;	mejesge	woroγira
aíreną.	Tēēreną.	Woroǧi	tēē	hiropŭnuireną,	tēē	honį̄gítak	hanṓgwirē;	méžesge	woroǧíra
[it is said.]	[Here they are.]	Council	[this]	they pleaded for,	[this]	that I'm telling you of	[lay them there];	thus	in our rules

hanįwije	aireną.	²⁹ egi	hirakaraxdjį	hi’ųkdjoniheje	aireną.	³⁰ wohōra	hiją	curutcgusgiji,
hanį̄́wiže,	aíreną.	Egi	hirakáraxjį	hi’ų̄kjōnihéže,	aíreną.	Wohǭ́ra	hižą	šurucgúsgiži,
we have	[it is said].	[And]	very cautious	we must act in them,	[it is said.]	[The kettle]	[one of them]	after you put it away,

					Notebook 24:16
edja	canąkdjį	hirorak’ųkdje	aireną.	³¹ hąkidją hiniądje,	dejegųkiraxdjįje	aireną.	³² warutcǫra	weną,
eja	šanąkjį	hiroráką̄kjē,	aíreną.	Hąkiją hiniąjē,	težegų̄kiraxjįže,	aíreną.	Warucǭ́ra	wéną,
[there]	only	you must use it,	[it is said.]	Don't do otherwise,	this way only,	[it is said.]	[The attendant	[he said,]

	Winnebago III, #7:9
"jegų,"	eną,	"djanąga	harakitcąkdjegiji	wagurare!"	³³ tcųgiracaną	hakaranirekdjeną.
"Žegų́ną."	Éną,	"Janąga	harakicąkjegiži,	wagúrarē!"	Cųgírašaną,	hakaranirekjéną.
"Ready."	[He said,]	["As many of]	that you would eat with,	go and get them!"	Only their spoons,	they must bring.

³⁴ wagijukiriną	wasgenįgera	hiją,	edja	hojure,	edja	kerere	hogigįx	minągwire.	³⁵ pedjera
Wagížukíriną	wasgénį̄gᵋra	hižą,	eja	hožurē	eja	kererē	hogigī́x	minā́gwirē.	Pejera
He brought them back	little plate	a	[there]	place it	[there]	[he placed it	around it	seat yourselves.	[The fire]

horuzire	agiminągwire,	tcugira	horatcgedja	wirarukozwire	aratcge	kic’ųkdjonihawiną.
horuzírē	agiminą́gwirē,*	cugíra	horacgeja	wirarukōzwirē,	aracgē	kiš’ų̄kjōnihawiną.
he turned down	[go and sit,]†	your spoons	with left hands	hold them,	left hand	you will use.

* for hagi-miną́k-wi-rē, the initial /h/ having been lost from external sandhi.
† the translation has "sit ready."

³⁶ waradjwigiji	hąkiją	hit’at’awiniądje;	hąkiją	hikcawiniądje.	³⁷ djagu	hiharągre	jesge	hiwiadje.
Warajwigiži,	hąkižą	hit’at’awinią́́jē;	hąkižą	hikšawiniąjē	Jagu	hihaną́́gᵋrē	žesge	hiwiájē.
When you eat,	none	you must not talk	none	you must not laugh.	What	I say	that way	do.

Notebook 24:17
nąwąwigiji	horudjera	herekdjoniheną.	³⁹ nąwąkdjonihawirą	hereginina: –
Nąwąwigiji,	horujᵋra	herekjōnihéną.	Nąwąkjōniháwiną,	herégīginą:
When we sing,	the meal	it shall begin.	We are going to sing	it is now:

Songs:

1. ^38a hotcągera nągura howahuhaireną.

Hocą́́́gᵋra nągúra howahuhaíreną.

Hocą́gara on the road they are coming.

2. ^38b hotcągera, hotcąk hit’e hahuhaireną.

Hocą́́gᵋra Hocąk hit’e hahuhaíreną.

Hocā́gara Hocąk speaking they are coming.

3. ^38c peje hagedjeni hekdjeje?

Pežē hagējīni hekjéžē?

Who behind he can be?

4. ^38d peje wągedja nihexdjeje?

Pežē wągēja nihekjéžē?

Who above he can be?

³⁹ mejesge	aireną,	"wąkcigo’įwigiji,"	dejesgeje	aireną.	⁴⁰ "wotcexi	wąkcik hi’įwije,"	aireną.
Méžesge	aíreną,	"Wąkšigo’į̄wigiži,"	težesgeže	aíreną.	"Wocḗxi	wąkšik-hi’į̄wiže,"	aíreną.
[Thus]	[it is said,]	"Whence we beg for life,"	[this is the sort of thing]	[they say.]	"[Difficulties]	we originated,"	[they say.]

¶^40* egi	warudjera	rucdjaįreną.	⁴¹ epįną.	woroγinįgera,	mejesge	hawira	hinągidjiwianąga	pįxdjį
Egi	warujᵋra	rušjaįreną.	Epįną.	Woroǧínį̄gᵋra,	méžesge	hawíra	hinągijiwiánąga	pį̄xjį
[And]	[the meal]	it was over.	[It is good.]	[The little rite]	[this]	we have done	you've come for us, and	very well

* the numeral 40 is used for two different sentences.

Winnebago III, #7:10 Notebook 24:18
hįragiradjiwira	wa’įnįginąbwiną.	⁴³ egi	wąkcikwią’įwiną,	mejesge	hįgairawiną;	dejesge
hįragirejiwira	wa’įnį̄ginąbᵋwiną.	Egi	wąkšikwią’į̄winą,*	méžesge	hį̄gaírawiną;	tḗžesge
you've eaten for us	we thank you for it.	[And]	ones we originated from,	[this kind]	they told us;	[in this way]

* Notebook 24:10 has X wi-aⁿîⁿwi/ = wąkšik wi’ąį̄winą,

woroγi	dee	hiropunuįreną.*	⁴⁴ hirakaraxdjį	ha’ųkdjawi	aireną.	⁴⁵ mejesge	hįragizoxdjįwiną
woroǧi	tēē	hiropúnuįreną.	Hirakaraxjį	ha’ų̄kjawi,	giži.†	Mežesge	hįragízoxjįwiną.‡
[rite]	[this]	they pleaded for.	[Very carefully]	we should do	[.]	[In this way]	you have acted faithfully for us.

* hiropunuįreną is repeated erroneously.
† Notebook 24:18 has γ, which stands for giži.
‡ Notebook 24:18 has hiṇagízoɕwinaⁿ = hiragízoxjįwiną.

pįgadją.	⁴⁶ pįxdjį	tcebinągigiwira	pįgadją	jegų	hihiwigadją.	⁴⁷ nįkuruhindjwiną.	⁴⁸ jenųganą.
Pį̄gają.	Pį̄xjį	cēbinągigiwira.	Pįgają.	Žegų̄́	hihiwigają,	nį̄kuruhį̄jwiną.	Ženų̄gáną.
[It is good].	Very well	you've eaten for us.	[It is good.]	[Indeed]	we shall do,	[I salute you.]	[This ends.]

Source:

Paul Radin, Winnebago Notebooks (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, n.d.) Notebook 24, pp. 11-19; and Winnebago III, #7, pp. 7-10.

1.	^38a	hotcągera	nągura	howahuhaireną.
		Hocą́́́gᵋra	nągúra	howahuhaíreną.
		Hocą́gara	on the road	they are coming.

2.	^38b	hotcągera,	hotcąk	hit’e	hahuhaireną.
		Hocą́́gᵋra	Hocąk	hit’e	hahuhaíreną.
		Hocā́gara	Hocąk	speaking	they are coming.

3.	^38c	peje	hagedjeni	hekdjeje?
		Pežē	hagējīni	hekjéžē?
		Who	behind	he can be?

4.	^38d	peje	wągedja	nihexdjeje?
		Pežē	wągēja	nihekjéžē?
		Who	above	he can be?