Hocąk Text — Earthmaker Blesses Wešgíšega, Version 2

narrated by Sam Blowsnake


Sam Blowsnake

The English interlinear text is based on the translation in Paul Radin, "Personal Reminiscences of a Winnebago Indian," Journal of American Folk-Lore, 26, #102 (1913): 294-298.

Brackets '[ ]' indicate uncertain readings.


English Translation


 

p. 294 —
Wēcgī́́cêga higaírêgi. Hotcā́ñgijᴀⁿ herejế. Tcëkxêdếhugi
"Wešgíšiga" higaíregi. Hocą́gižą herežé. Cekxetéhugi,
Wešgíšiga they called him. A Hocąk he was. As he was approaching adulthood,

 


 

hi-ā́ntchigi hāⁿdā́ginantc hak‘ārajī́́jê; mā́ⁿᵋnuṇa wāxopî́ni
hi-ą́c-higi hątáginąc hakaražíže; Mą́’una waxopini
father - to do to fast he coaxed; Earthmaker spirits

 


 

warā́tcirê wā́ᵋûñgi, djā́nᴀñga wāxopîni p‘íⁿṇa
warácire wá’ųgi, jánąga waxopini p’įna
various when he made, as many spirits good

 


 

ᵋûñgíji, hanā́ⁿtciñxdjiⁿ wā́jiⁿṇuk‘òno wagigī́́jê. Ŭāñkcígo-îⁿ,
’ųgíži, haną́cįxjį wážįnukòno wagigíže. Wąkšígo-’į,
as he made, all of them in charge of something he made them. Life

 


 

wonā́jirê, kiruk‘ốnô wagigī́́jê. Hodā́ wātᵋḗhik‘ê
wonáǧire,* hirukóno† wagigíže. Hotá wat’éhike
war, in control of he made them. Others hunters

* Radin's wonā́jirê is a misreading of his own handwritting.
† misreading /k/ for /h/.

 


 

p. 295 —
hirekdjê, jë́ske nā́ntcwirodjāⁿ hāniwagigī́́jê. Jigế
hirekje, žéske ną́cwiroją haniwagigíže. Žigé,
they were to be, this kind he blessed them with he made them to have. Again,

 


 

hodā́ wāxopíni worā́tcirera hidadjếrekdjê. Jëskê
hotá waxopíni worácirera hitajérekje. Žeske
other spirits the various ones they were to become very powerful. This kind

 


 

hiṇuk‘ốnô wagigī́́gi, jëskê hagīnā́ⁿtccijề. Ŭā́ñkcigᴇnā̀ñgᴇrê
hirukóno wagigígi, žeske haginą́cšižè. Wą́kšigenạ̀gere
in control of they were made, this kind he would fast. These people

 


 

hoixkốⁿṇa djāgúcᴀnᴀⁿ ᵋū́nāñk‘ī wāxopíni warā́tcirera
hoixkǫ́na jagúšaną ’únąk’i waxopíni warácirera
practices whatever [they needed to live] spirits the various ones

 


 

hok‘irā́tcᴇra hanā́ⁿtciⁿ nāⁿtcwirṓdjāⁿ. Hok‘irā́tc hāniwagī́́gijê.
hokirácera haną́cį nącwiróją. Hokirác haniwagígiže.
the different ones all he blessed them with. Different things he gave them.

 


 

Jêê jếjëske hip‘érezᴇnaⁿìⁿcijê. Gī́́ji ᵋûⁿjế.
Žee žéžeske hipérezenąįšiže. Gíži ’ųžé.
This these kinds he should try to find out something. Thus he did.

 


 

Hāⁿdā́gināntcgi wāxopî́ni hip‘érezᴇnā̀ⁿiⁿ waᵋûⁿjế. Gī́́ji
Hątáginącgi waxopíni hipérezeną̀į wa’ųžé. Gíži
When he was fasting spirits to find out something he did. So

 


 

hāⁿdā́gināntcgi wawewíⁿwiⁿᵋāñksᵋā̀jê, “Gīji hagârë́jᴀⁿ wāxopíni
hątáginącgi wawewį́wį’ąks’àže, "Giži hagaréžą waxopíni
as he was fasting he kept thinking, "When at some time past spirits

 


 

warā́tcirera máⁿᵋuṇa e waᵋûⁿjế hanā́ⁿtciñxdjiⁿ
warácirera Mą́’una e wa’ųžé haną́cįxjį
the various ones Earthmaker he he made every one of them

 


 

wajᴀnijā́ⁿcᴀnᴀⁿ hiruk‘ốnô wagigī́́jê, ā́nᴀñk‘-a. Māⁿᵋúnañk‘a
wažanižą́šaną hirukóno wagigíže, ánąga. Mą’únąka
one-thing-only in control of he put, it is said. Earthmaker

 


 

ëxdjiⁿ wajôⁿnanā́ñtciñxdjiⁿ hiruk‘ốnônañk‘ìcni. Hiraitcerā́xdjiⁿnañk‘ùni. Wāxopî́́ni
exjį wažǫnaną́cįxjį hirukónonąkìšni. Hiraiceráxjįnąkùni. Waxopíni
truly absolutely everything he must be in control of. He must be much more powerful. Spirits

 


 

warā́tcirenᴀñgᴇrêrë̀cke. Mā́ⁿᵋuṇa éwawaᵋû̀ñgi. Jëske hiruk‘onaíⁿṇekdjê
warácirenągererèške* Mą́’una éwawa’ų̀gi. Žeske hirukonaįnekje
[the various ones] Earthmaker [he created.] Thus they will have control

*Radin's text has a period here.

 

wogā́ra. Derë́ckera wā́k‘aⁿtcᴀñkdjinañk‘ā̀djaⁿ, mā́ⁿᵋúṇa wájaⁿ
wogára. Teréškera wákącąkjinąkàją, Mą́’una wážą
he gave them. [Even] as holy as they are, Earthmaker something

 


 

hekdjinàñk‘i, wak‘aⁿtcā́ñᴇra,” hiregíji. Hihāⁿdê nā́ⁿîñgi.
hekjinạ̀k’į, wakącą́gera," hiregíži. Hihąte ną́įgi,
[mightier], holy thing," he thought. To dream as he tried,

 


 

“Djaskếxdjiⁿnañgi,” hirejế. ᵋuā́ñkᵋû̀ⁿ k‘iwewíwîñgā̀djaⁿ, “Hañk‘ế
"Jaskéxjįnągi?" hirežé. ’Uą́k’ų̀ kiwewíwįgàją, "Hąké
"What can this one be?" he thought. He was doing it after he thought to himself, "Not

 


 

wàxopîni warā́tcirera hijaiⁿperếzᴇni, wāᵋúnañk‘i; wāxopī́́ni
wàxopíni warácirera hižaįperézeni, wa’únąk’į; waxopíni
spirits the various ones one has not known him, as he was; spirits

 


 

waratcirerarë́ckê hañk‘íjᴀⁿ nā́ⁿdjûⁿdjanigā̀djaⁿ. Djagŭấna māⁿᵋúnañk‘a
waracireraréške hąkížą ną́jųjanigàją. Jaguána Mą’únąka
of the various ones not one he has not blessed. I wonder Earthmaker

 


 

naⁿdjûⁿdjấna, méjëske p‘ewímoñk‘.” Hiregíji, nā́ⁿdjok‘idjàⁿjê,
nąjųjána, méžeske p’ewímǫk." Hiregíži, ną́jokiją̀že,
he would bless me, thus I am thinking." Thus he thought, he put himself in a pitiable condition,

 


 

γākgíji. Hañk‘ế naⁿcdjaⁿ ṇuxúrukᴇnìjê. “Mā́ⁿᵋuṇa,
ǧakgíži. Hąké nąšją nuxúrukenìže. "Mą́’una,
thus he cried. Not to stop he was not able. "Earthmaker,

 


 

tcak‘ố, yap‘érezᴇnaⁿìñkdjê,” hirejế; “giji hañk‘ế
cak’ó, yapérezenąį̀kje," hirežé; "giži hąké
therefore, I wish to obtain knowledge," he thought, "so that not

 


 

nāⁿdjûⁿdjā́ⁿnickê jëgûⁿ hāⁿdā́ginantcirègi tcekdjê,” hirejế.
nąjųją́niške žegų hątáginącirègi cekje," hirežé.
if he does not bless me then during the fasting I shall die," he thought.

 


 

p. 296 —
Giji ep‘ā́ hāⁿdaginántcᴇra māⁿcdjaⁿ ᵋûⁿjế.
Giži ep’á hątaginą́cera mąšją ’ųžé.
So from that point on the fasting mightily he did.

 


 

Māⁿᵋunā́cᴀnᴀⁿ haginā́ntccê. Tcëgếdja djobốhaⁿ, naⁿsᵋā́jê;
Mą’unášaną haginą́cše. Cegéja jobóhą, nąs’áže;
Earthmaker only he fasted for. At first four times he used to sleep;

 


 

hahī́́ hak‘ếwehaⁿ naⁿsᵋā́jê; jigiahí
hahí hakéwehą nąs’áže; žigiahí
in time six times he used to sleep; then

 


 

haruwốñgohaⁿ naⁿsᵋā́jê; hahí k‘erêpônohaíjᴀⁿ
haruwǫ́gohą nąs’áže; hahí kereponohaížą
eight times he used to sleep; in time ten times

 


 

naⁿsᵋā́jê; hahí nûⁿbacᴀnáhaⁿ nañgī́́ji. Ep‘ā
nąs’áže; hahí nųbašanáhą nągíži. Ep’a
he used to sleep; in time twelve times he slept. From that point on

 


 

jêdjaíñxdjíⁿ p‘ā hiⁿpga ë́gi warutsᵋā́jê.
žejaį́xjį p’a hįpga égi waruts’áže.
that far [it has been] [after he had gotten] and he would eat.

 


 

Hiskếxdjiⁿ jëgŭañk‘ê wajîⁿp‘érêzᴇnìjê hañk‘agá wajáⁿnijᴀⁿ
Hiskéxjį žeguąke wažįpérezenìže hąkagá wažą́nižą
In truth and not not knowledge of something not a thing

 


 

naⁿdjodjaⁿníjê. Hahík‘îñgìjê. Jédjûñga xêdê wogizṓkdjᴀñgi,
nąjojąníže. Hahíkįgìže. Žéjųga xete wogizókjągi,
he had not been blessed. Then he gave up. Now big when he became of age,

 


 

rucdjā́nᴀñga hinûñk kanáñkcê. Ë́gi hitcáwina
rušjánąga, hinųk kaną́kše. Égi hicáwina
he gave it up, woman he took. And his wife

 


 

hak‘arak‘íju gixônaíⁿṇejê maⁿwotcaíⁿnañxdjîⁿ. Hahí tcirejê
hakarakížu gixonaį́neže mąwocaį́nąxjį. Hahí cireže
she was with him they moved out of the way place. In time they lived

 


 

hìtcáwinacᴀnᴀⁿ hak‘arak‘íju. Ëgi jigế haⁿdáginantcìrejê
hicáwinašaną hakarakížu. Egi žigé hątáginącìreže
his wife alone she with him. And again they began to fast

 


 

hok‘ik‘íju. Mā́ⁿᵋuṇa hihaⁿdế rogúⁿnihera jédjûñga
hok‘ik‘ížu. Mą́’una hihąté rogų́nihera žéjųga
he with her. Earthmaker to dream of he wished and now

 


 

ë́dja hisgếxdjîⁿ tᵋḗkdjirejê hāⁿdáginandjedja. “Hañk‘agá
éja hisgéxjį t’ékjireže hątáginąjeja. "Hąkagá
there in truth he would die in the fasting. "Never

 


 

hijaⁿ jë́skê horā́girani. Hāⁿdā́ginandjᴇrêgì, tcëkdjê,”
hižą žéske horágirani. Hątáginąjeregì, cekje,"
one that kind it had not been told. During the fasting, I shall die,"

 


 

hirejế. Hagârë́jaⁿ hahí nîñkdjốñgᴇnîñgĭ-aⁿ hanínejê.
hirežé. Hagaréžą hahí nįkjǫ́genįgią haníneže.
he thought. Once in time a child they had.

 

Ŭañgᴇnî́ñgĭ-aⁿ herejế. Hitcáwina wagêjế hihók‘aragìjê,
Wągenį́gią herežé. Hicáwina wagežé hihókaragìže,
A male child it was. His wife he spoke to her asking her advice,

 


 

niñkdjốñkᴇnîñgra mā́ⁿᵋuṇa naⁿpigiruxā́tc hirekdjê, ejê.
nįkjǫ́kenįgra Mą́’una nąpigiruxác hirekje, eže.
their child Earthmaker to do sacrifice they should he said.

 


 

Giji hitcáwina k‘araxúruk‘i. Mā́ⁿᵋuṇa naⁿbigiruxā́djirejê.
Giži hicáwina karaxúruk’i. Mą́’una nąbigiruxájireže.
And so his wife she consented. Earthmaker they will sacrifice him.

 


 

Hazadjíjaⁿ ᵋúiṇānᴀñga hihagếdja hatᵋû́ⁿpirejê. Ëgi
Hazajížą ’úinanąga hihagéja hat’ų́pireže. Egi
A platform they constructed on top they placed him upon it. And

 


 

jếdjûñga hinû́ⁿwiñk‘ê maⁿcdjaⁿ γágirejê. Haⁿhegā́djaⁿ
žéjųga hinų́wįke mąšją ǧágireže. Hąhegáją
now both of them mightily they two cried. During the night

 


 

naíⁿṇejê mā́ⁿᵋuṇa nāndjwodjaⁿjê éjê. Wiradji-ā́nᴀñga
naį́neže Mą́’una nąjwoją́že, éže. Wiraji-ánąga
when they slept Earthmaker he took pity on them, he said. He came to them and

 


 

p. 297 —
horuxúdjiregā̀djaⁿ. Hiskenaⁿdjếxdjiⁿjê manaⁿp‘e waíni ᵋŭā́nañga; wok‘ốnôñk‘
horuxújiregàją. Hiskenąjéxjįže. Manąp’e waíni ’uánąga; wokónǫk
they looked at him. He certainly had reason. Soldier clothing he makes, and hat

 


 

stā́k‘ hañkcíjaⁿ hok‘ônôñgā́nañga. Hádjara k‘arap‘iếsk‘exdjîⁿjề.
sták hąkšížą hokonǫgánąga. Hájara karap’iéskexjįžè.
[narrow] high (cocked) he carries on his head. To the sight he was very pleasing.

 


 

Horuxútcceê. “Djagŭā́nackê mā́ᵋuṇa herénᴀⁿ,” hirejê
Horuxúcše. "Jaguánaške Mą́’una heréną," hireže
He looked at him. "I also wonder Earthmaker it is," he thought

 


 

gadjaⁿ. Nuⁿhaídjejê. “Jëskegúni yaréjarê,” hiregádjaⁿ.
gają. Nųhaíježe.* "Žeskegúni yaréžare," hiregáją.
[sentence terminator]. He took a step. "I think it so I am thinking," he thought.

*The phonetic rendering nųhaíježe may result from the nasal ending to the previous gają. Ruhaíje is more usual.

 

Jigê ruhai-djejê. Ép‘a dédjañk‘i. Ruhaidjê
Žige ruhai-ježe. ép’a téjąk’i* ruhaije
Again he took a step. From that place [every now and then] he took a step

*Radin treats this as a verb meaning 'he moved,' but tejąk’ixjį (with an emphatic suffix, -xjį) means, 'once in awhile.' He also has a period here.

 


 

dowê ā́rejê gā́djaⁿ. hañk‘ế
towe áreže gają. Te hąké
to go in a certain direction [he uttered a cry] [sentence terminator]. This one not

 


 

māⁿᵋuṇa waᵋunidjếjê; djedjếdjijaⁿ waᵋûⁿdjếjê. Gicdjôñk‘érêgi.
Mą’una wa’unijéže.* Jejéjižą wa’ųjéže. Gišjǫkéregi.
Earthmaker it was he. A bluejay† it was. They had fooled him.

*This is probably wa’ųježe, as below. Blowsnake's syllabary represents an /i/ with a mere dot, so that stray marks are sometimes mistaken for the letter /i/.
†Radin has 'pigeon', but 'bluejay' is well attested elsewhere as the translation of this name.

 

Jigê idjaíra nantcgera dékcê; jigidjaíra
Žige ijaíra* nącgera tékše. Žigijaíra
And so more he heart it ached. Even more

*More usually, hijaíra.

 


 

hogirúdjasê. Ëgi jigế nañgádjaⁿ jếdjûñga
hogirújase. Egi žigé nągáją žéjųga
he was wound up. And again he slept and indeed

 


 

māⁿᵋúṇa hidjádjijê, “Uañkcikᵋế naⁿdjonidjấna. Sᵋi
Mą́’una hijájiže, "Wąkšiké, nąjonijána. S’i
Earthmaker came to him, "Human, I bless you. Long

 


 

ragā́kcᴀnᴀⁿ. Mā́ⁿᵋuṇa newinḗnᴀⁿ,” ejê. Horuxitcgádjaⁿ
raǧákšaną.* Mą́’una newinéną," eže. Horuxicgáją,
you have cried. Earthmaker I am he," he said. When he looked at him,

*this should be ragákšaną.

 

k‘arap‘iếskijê. Horuxúdjᴇra p‘îⁿjế, waíniṇa k‘arap‘iếske
karap’iéskeže. Horuxújera p’įžé, waínina karap’iéske
he was pleasing. the look fine, clothing it was pleasing

 


 

ᵋû́ⁿjê. “Djagŭā́nacke dêế mā́ⁿᵋuṇa waᵋû́ⁿdjânaⁿ,”
’ų́že. "Jaguánaške teé Mą́’una wa’ų́janą,"
it was. "I also wonder this Earthmaker [it was],"

 


 

hirejế-gadjaⁿ. Horuxúdjᴇra hok‘ugági, hiranáⁿîⁿjê. Hidjobốhôⁿṇa
hirežé-gają. Horuxújera hokugági, hiraną́įže. Hijobóhǫna
he thought. The look as if he grew smaller, he thought. The fourth time

 


 

horuxutcgā́djaⁿ, stastak‘éjaⁿ waᵋûⁿdjêje. Nantcgéra hidjaíra
horuxucgájią stastakéžą wa’ųježe. Nącgéra hijaiíra
when he looked [unknown species of bird] it was. The heart even more

*this species of bird is also mentioned in the story Mąznį’ąbᵋra.

 


 

dëkcê. Māⁿcdjáⁿ γakcê. Hidaníhôⁿṇa jigê
tekše. Mąšją́ ǧakše. Hitaníhǫna žigé
it ached. Mightily he cried. The third time again

 


 

māⁿᵋúⁿa jếdjûñga naⁿdjonidjáⁿjê, “Maⁿᵋuṇa hirahā́ⁿdê
Mą́’una žéjųga nąjoją́že, "Mą́’una hirahą́te
Earthmaker now he blessed him, "Earthmaker to dream

 


 

naⁿṇacᵋĭā́nᴀñga hawerak‘icáwañgra. Mā́ⁿᵋuṇa newinénᴀⁿ, naⁿdjonidjấnᴀⁿ.
nąnaš’iánąga hawerakišáwągra. Mą́’una newinéną, nąjonijáną.
you have tried and you caused yourself great suffering. Earthmaker I am he, I bless you.

 


 

Hañkế ‘wajáⁿnijaⁿ ṇoragúnikdjônènᴀⁿ; tcinốñgijàⁿ hitᵋe
Hąké wažą́nižą roragúnikjonèną; cinǫ́gižą̀ hit’e
Not a thing you will be in want of; a village language

 


 

djagúrackê hanā́ntc wananā́ñxgûñkdjônènᴀⁿ; ŭañkcîgoᵋíṇa hañk‘ế
jagúraške haną́c wananą́xgųkjonèną; wąkšigo’į́na hąké
whatever all you will listen to; life not

 


 

rorā́gunîkdjônènᴀⁿ; djaguranaⁿtcî́ñxdjîⁿ naⁿdjironidjā́ṇaⁿ.” Ëgê
rorágunikjonèną; jaguranącį́xjį nąjironijáną." Ege*
you will want; everything I bless you." Now,

*for égi.

 


 

tcëgếdja djaski-ā́djᴇra hañk‘ế horuxúdjᴇra, jëskê
cegéja, jaski-ájera hąké horuxújera, žeske
from the very first, [however] not the appearance, so

 


 

hanîⁿdjếjê, ëdjā́xdjîⁿ jigế dêế, “Wajîⁿdjahî́ⁿjê
hanįjéže. Ejáxjį žigé teé, "Wažįjahį́že
to inspire confidence. About that time again this one, "Somebody

 


 

p. 298 —
hîngicdjốñk‘êdjegùni,” hirejế gadjaⁿ. Cîñk‘ok‘ogíjaⁿ waᵋûⁿdjéjê.
hingišjǫ́kejegùni," hirežé gają. Šįk’ok’ogížą wa’ųjéže.
must be fooling me." he thought [sentence terminator]. A robin it was.

 


 

“Jédjûñga jëdja, tcak‘ố, hañk‘ê wahádjᴇni,
"Žéjųga žeja, cak’ó hąke wahájeni,
"Now, to end (die), indeed not not to eat,

 


 

jëgûⁿ tcëkdjê,” hirejê. “Djā́nᴀñga wanîñk‘
žegų cekje," hireže. "Jánąga wanįk
and so I will die," he thought. "As many as there are birds

 


 

cicîgᴇrági hîñkcakcaírê.” Hirejê gadjaⁿ. Māⁿᵋuṇa
šišigerági hįkšakšaíre." Hireže -gają.* Mą’una
bad they have made sport of me." It is isn't it? Earthmaker

*treating this as a suffix, it can be used, according to Lipkind, to indicate rhetorical questions and truisms, and can be translated as "isn't it?" Radin translates this sentence as, "They were indeed doing it."

 


 

ᵋŭañgᴇrêgináñk‘i hip‘éressê gadjaⁿ. Hitᵋéra nañxgû́ⁿjê.
wągereginą́k’i hipérese gają. Hit’éra nąxgų́že.
on high where he sat he knew of it [sentence terminator]. The words he heard.

 


 

“Wecgícera, rajagᴇrádjegê naⁿṇégi adjī́́nᴀⁿ,” higếjê.
"Wešgíšera, ražagerájege mąnégi ajíną," higéže.
"Wešgíšega you are crying to the earth I am coming," he said to him.

 


 

“Higû́ⁿ hi-ā́ndjiṇa, Wecgícera,” hîñgếjê. Horuxitcgádjàⁿ
"Higų́ hi-ą́jina, Wešgíšera," hįgéže.* Horuxicgáją̀
"Even the father, Wešgíšega," he said to him. When he looked

*normally, higéže.

 


 

ᵋŭáñgᴇrêgi hadak‘ā́tc p‘îñxdjîⁿjaⁿ maⁿṇégi hirak‘erêdjejê.
’uą́geregi hatakác p’įxjįžą mąnégi hirakereježe.
up above ray of light very clearly to the earth extending.

 


 

Yotcíra ë́djaxdjîⁿ hirak‘érê waᵋûⁿdjéjê. “Wecgī́́cera
Yocíra éjaxjį hirakére wa’ųjéže. "Wešgíšera
The camp all the way it extended it did. "Wešgíšega

 


 

hiⁿcdjákdjê hicéra. Hañk‘ê jëskê haduxúrugᴇninᴀⁿ.
hįšjákje, hišéra. Hąke žeske hatuxúrugeniną.
you will see me, you said. Not that kind I cannot do.

 


 

Mêế newinénᴀⁿ hiⁿcdjánᴀⁿ,” higếjê. Hañk‘ế wonáγirê
Meé newinéną. Hįšjáną," higéže. Hąké wonáǧire
This I am he. You have seen me," he said to him. Not war

 


 

naⁿdjirodjáⁿijê; ŭañkcîgoᵋîⁿṇácᴀnᴀxdjîⁿ naⁿdjirodjáⁿjê Wecgīcega. Haⁿbᴇra
nąjiroją́niže; uąkšigo’įná šanaxjį nąjiroją́že Wešgišega. Hąbera
he was not blessed; life only he was blessed Wešgíšega. The light

 


 

māⁿᵋúṇa ëdjowádji. Maⁿṇégi hirak‘erêdjèga. Hirok‘íᵋûⁿ
Mą́’una ejowáji. Mąnégi hirakerejèga. Hirok’í’ų
Earthmaker it came from. To the earth it reached. He made a copy

 


 

hisagúîⁿjaⁿ ᵋûⁿjê. Jêế dani-ogíju hahúirêgi ŭañkcîgoᵋîⁿ
hisagúįžą ’ųže. Žeé tani-ogížu hahúiregi uąkšigo’į
a cane he made. This tobacco-offering when it came life

 


 

gidanáñkcᴀnᴀⁿ; higû́ⁿ mejêgunegíckê higûⁿ waᵋunáñkcᴀnᴀⁿ.
gitaną́kšaną. Higų́ mežegunegíške, higų wa’uną́kšaną.
they would ask for. Even at the present time, still they are doing it.

 


English Translation


Source:

Paul Radin, "Personal Reminiscences of a Winnebago Indian," Journal of American Folk-Lore, 26, #102 (1913): 293-318 (Sam Blowsnake, "How One of My Ancestors was Blessed by Earthmaker," pp. 294-298). See also Paul Radin, "The Story of Wešgiciga," Winnebago Notebooks, (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, n.d.) Winnebago II, #3 (incomplete), and the reprint of the article in Winnebago I, #2 (Freeman #3884). See the later, Sam Blowsnake (ed. Paul Radin), Crashing Thunder. The Autobiography of an American Indian (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1983 [1926]) 20-23. Informant: Sam Blowsnake of the Thunderbird Clan.