Hočąk Text — The Father of the Twins Attempts to Flee, Version 2

narrated by Jasper Blowsnake

The manuscript is in the hand of Paul Radin, the Hočâk line is written in bolder letters with a different writing implement than was used for the English lines. In general, the MS is not difficult to read. About 50% of the hand written interlinear text has no English translation, but almost all of the untranslated words could be found elsewhere. Radin also used symbolic abbreviations for common whole words or syllables some of which he interpreted here and in other manuscripts, although there are some whose values are unknown. The symbols used in the text appear on the table below:

α β γ ε ɜ θ λ
égi éja giži ésge šanâ žigé* žesge
*explicitly so stated on pp. 36 and 37.

נ ρ σ τ υ ϕ ϕ
nunige ánañga žegû* aire† re, regi‡ gaj⇇ hañké
*explicitly stated on p. 2.
†explicitly stated on p. 37.
‡explicitly stated on p. 30.
‡‡Explicitly stated on p. 1.

ω F N U W X
žégû* hianč† nâhúič hikaroge híjega‡ uañkwášoše Warogᇇ uañk, uañg
*this is the value that ω has everywhere else, and in this MS apparently succeeded [σ] in that role.
†explicitly stated on pp. 36 and 37.
‡the descriptive name of the elder Twin ("the one having a stump for a grandmother").
‡‡the name of the younger Twin ("Flesh").

ʆ ɕ ƪ |· bar ⨪ +
že, še xjî žâ hire* nâ nañk hanâč´†
*explicitly stated on p. 30.
†explicitly stated on p. 37.

|| - = ·/, or ·/ / / >
niñk* ra higuî´na -kjanènâ -kjénâ gi
*explicitly stated on pp. 36 and 37.

Words supplied by the editor (Richard Dieterle) are found in brackets '[ ]'. It was also necessary for the editor to supply all punctuation and to determine the beginning and ending of sentences.

English Translation

p. 31 —
"[α]* nañkíkara† niñgagwirá de[·/´][/]re [γ´].
"Égi nañkíkara niñgagwirá tekjanénare gíži.
"[And] [going hunting,] [my sons,] I will go [.]"
*just before this symbol are two vertical lines indicating a new episode.
†just before this word, the letters /niñg/ have been crossed out.

 

 

"Kodé Warorá, hiándj[-]gá giásonâ. 'Uañgóñka
"Koté Warorá, hiánjragá giásonâ. 'Uañgóñka
["Koté] [Flesh,] [your father] [he is running away.] [This man]

 

 

hâpséretcî nañgerá[ɜ] 'u[ρ´] haré[ɕ] hogiásonâ.
hâpsérečî nañgerášana 'uánañga haréxjî hogiásonâ.
[all day long] he ran only he did, [and] Very far he has fled.

 

 

"Kode Warorá, hiándj[-]gá djasgiógiwekdjera hiñgiwagaíxdjenâ."
"Kote Warorá, hiánjragá jasgiógiwekjera hiñgiwagaíxjenâ."
["Kote] [Flesh,] [your father] the way he should go let us mark for him."

 

 

p. 32 —
Raxódjedja giwaxgáxire[ʆ], djasgiówekdjéra.
Raxójeja giwagáxireže, jasgiówekjéra.
In the ashes they marked it for him [how] he should go.

 

 

"Deiowáregi, deiowákiri[·/][/]. [α] dégi[ɕ] hakirí
"Teiowáregi, teiowákirikjanénâ. Égi tégixjî hakirí
"If he goes this way, he will come back this way. [And] over here he comes back

 

 

nañkdjé[bar]. Nowaxíni[β´] hip'e'î´ édjirakére." Giwagáx
nañkjénâ. Nowaxíniéja hip'e'î´ éjirakére." Giwagáx
he will sleep. At the woodpile rest his head on* [as he goes by coming back."] To mark it for him
*"up to" has been crossed out and "rest his head" has been written above it.

 

 

hire[ʆ´]. Haini[ϕ], hihinâ´bire[ϕ], hiántchírera.
hirežé. Hainigajâ, hihinâ´biregajâ, hiánčhírera.
[they did.] [The next morning,] when they went out, [their father.]

 

 

nówaxiné[β] hakirí nanañk[ʆ´]. "Kodé Warorá,
nówaxinéja hakirí nanañkšé. "Koté Warorá,
[at the woodpile] he was back there sleeping. ["Koté] [Flesh]

 

 

hiándj-gá [α] nanáñk[ɜ]." Raxíñgí[υ], hikcáit'e[ʆ].
hiánj-gá égi nanáñkšanâ." Raxíñgíregi, hikšáit'eže.
[the father] [here] [he is sleeping."] When they woke him up by talking,* he laughed.
*before this the word, "woke he" has been crossed out.

 

 

"Niñgágwire,* nîcdjûwáñ[ɕ]↠kirirá waikewé[bar], yaré[bar]."‡
"Niñgágwire, nîšjûwáñxjîâ kirirá waikewénâ, yarénâ."‡
["My sons,] very sleepy as I came home, I went in, [I thought."]
*after this word, niñc has been crossed out.
†the /û/ has been inserted above the line by a caret.
‡just before this word, yaré has been crossed out.

 

 

Jige haininégi, hainiñ[ɕ´], nankíkarare[ʆ´], [ρ]
Žige haininégi, hainiñxjî´, nankíkararežé, anañga
[Again] [the next morning,] [early in the morning,] [he went hunting,] [and]

 

 

jigé* giasce. "Kodé Warorá, hiántcragá
žigé giasše. "Koté Warorá, hiánčragá
[again] [he ran away.] ["Koté] [Flesh,] [your father]
*after this word the letter /k/ has been crossed out.

 

 

jigé giásonâ. Jige hiñgi'úñ[·/´].* Djasgiówekdjé[-]
žigé giásonâ. Žige hiñgi'úñkjénâ. Jasgiówekjéra
[again] [he has run away.] [Again] let us do it to him. [The way he should go]
*a second [/] at the end of this word has been crossed out. Before this word, hi'uñk has been crossed out.

 

 

hiñgiwágaghi[·/´]."* Raxódjedja† giwagáx [|·][ʆ´]. "Tcirób[υ]
hiñgiwágaǧikjanénâ." Raxójeja giwagáx hirežé. "Čiróberegi
let us mark it for him." In the ashes [to mark] [they did.] ["At the door]
*a terminal [/] has been crossed out.
†just before this word, what appears to be the letter /g/ has been crossed out.

 

 

hirakére hiñgiwágaghi[·/´]. Wañgenuwáñka* hâpséretcî nañgerácana[ɕ´]
hirakére hiñgiwágaǧikžénâ. Wañgenuwáñka hâpsérečî nañgerášanaxjî´
back up to [let us mark it for him."] [The old man] [all day long] [he ran fast]
*an original [X] was crossed out and wañg written above it.

 

 

'û[ʆ´]. [σ]* hâhé nunige higû'î
'ûžé. Žegû hâhé nunige higû'î
[he did.] [Then] [night] but he continued on
*just before this symbol what looks like a [ʆ] has been crossed out.

 

 

p. 33 —
'únihe[ʆ]. Jedjúñga cdjûwâ´na howajá[ɕ]gi[β´] nâhîp[ʆ].
'úniheže. Žejúñga šjûwâ´na howažáxjîgiéja nâhîpše.
[he did.] [Now then] sleepy he was he was very weak with he fell asleep.*
*the translation is written above the Hočâk line and connected to it by two vertical lines.

 

 

Haininégi hotcintcinegenoñka hihinóñp hire[ϕ´]. Tcirób[υ]
Haininégi hočinčinegenoñka hihinóñp hiregájâ. Čiróberegi
[In the morning] [those boys] they went out [they did.] [At the door]

 

 

hakíri nanáñk[ʆ]. Raghíñgi[υ], we[ʆ´], "Niñgiágwirá,
hakíri nanáñkše. Raǧíñgiregi, wežé, "Niñgiágwirá,
[he was back there] [sleeping.] [When the woke him,] [he said,] ["My sons,]

 

 

hâhére hîcdjûwaxdjî* hakiri[-´] waikewé[bar], 'yarénâ.
hâhére hîšjûwaxjî hakirirá waikewénâ, 'yarénâ.
[at night] [I was getting very sleepy] [back there] [I went in,] [I thought.]
*the superscript /n/ following the /a/ seems to have been crossed out. The /x/ appears to have been overprinted on an original /c/.

 

 

[α] hanâ´kinibináñguni [ϕ]. 'Yapérezenina." Jigé
Égi hanâ´kinibináñguni gajâ. 'Yapérezenina." Žigé
[Then] I must have fallen asleep here [.] [I do not know."] [Again]

 

 

hidaníhôna giwáse. "Kodé, hiándjragá jige
hitaníhôna giwáse. "Koté, hiánjragá žige
[for a third time] [he ran away.] ["Koté,] [your father] [again]

 

 

giásonâ. Jigé djasgiógiwékjera hiñgiwágaxikdjé[bar]." Giwagáx
giásonâ. Žigé jasgiógiwékžera hiñgiwágaxikjénâ." Giwagáx
[he ran away.] [Again] [how he should go] [let us mark out for him."] [To mark out]

 

 

[|·][ʆ´]. Tcirob[-´] ho-ikéwe giwagáx hire[ʆ´].
hirežé. Čirobrá ho-ikéwe giwagáx hirežé.
[they did.] [The door] [to] enter [to mark] [they did.]

 

 

[σ] giwáz[-] hâpséretcî nañg[-´] rokóno[ɕ]
Žegû giwázra hâpsérečî nañgrá rokónoxjî
[Then] [running] [all day long] [running] [very much]

 

 

wa'ûcgúni. "Nañ[γ´] [ϕ] hakdjá tci[β´]
wa'ûšgúni. "Nañgíži hañké hakjá čiéja
[he did it.] "Next time [not] [back] [at the lodge]

 

 

hagíniñkdje. Hire[ʆ´]." [ε] nañg[-´] mâcdjáñ[ɕ]
hagíniñkje. Hirežé.' Ésge nañgrá mâšjáñxjî
I will [not] go. [They did it."] [And so] [running] [with great might]

 

 

hâpséretcî 'û´[ʆ]. [σ] jedjúñga hâhéracge
hâpsérečî 'û´že. Žegû žejúñga hâhérašge
[all day long] [he did.] [Then] [now then] [the nights also]

 

 

hipaí'û[ʆ]. Cdjûwâ´na howagá[ɕ] gi, [β]
hipaí'ûže. Šjûwâ´na howagáxjî gi, eja
he continued on. [To be sleepy] he was weak with [going back,] [there]

 

 

p. 34 —
nañxaíjâ miñki [β] hipe'i[ρ´] nâ[ʆ´].
nañxaížâ miñki eja hipe'iánañga nâžé.
a log he laid [there] he rested [and] [he slept.]

 

 

Haininégi Waretcáwanáñka hihinâ´bire[ϕ], de hiántcirera
Haininégi Warečáwanáñka hihinâ´biregajâ, te hiánčirera
[The next morning] [these Twins] [as] they went out, [this] [the one who is their father]

 

 

tcirób[υ] nâ[⨪´][ʆ]. Nâûsde hox?i?g[β´] hipei[ρ´]
čiróberegi nânáñkše. Nâûste hox?i?géja hipeiánañga,
[by the door way] [he was sleeping.] [Firewood]* [?] he rested it on, [and]
*what appears to be a letter or two is scribbled in the English line, but they cannot be made out.

 

 

"Djagú'û hañké miñg[β´] miñgeni wa'uáñkuni?"
"Jagú'û hañké miñgéja miñgeni wa'uáñkuni?"
"Why not on the bed he does not lay that he does this?"

 

 

higánuñk'û naxíñgire[ʆ]. Hikcá'it'e[ʆ]. "Niñgágwira, hâhére
higánuñk'û naxíñgireže. Hikšá'it'eže. "Niñgágwira, hâhére
they were saying to him when they woke him up. [He laughed.] ["My sons,] [at night]

 

 

hîcdjûwáñ[ɕ]ge homiñgé hagiámiñk[ɜ´], 'yáre[ϕ]. Hiñké
hîšjûwáñxjîge homiñgé hagiámiñkšánâ, 'yáre[ϕ]. Hiñké
[I became very sleepy] [bedding] I went and laid, [I thought.] [Not]

 

 

homiñgédjâ hagiámiñgenínâ." Hidjobóhôna jigé giáse.
homiñgéjâ hagiámiñgenínâ." Hijobóhôna žigé giáse.
[on a bed] I did not go & lay." [For the fourth time] [again] [he ran away.]

 

 

Jigigû´ djasgiowekdjéra giwagáx hire[ʆ´]. Gádjuñga
Žigigû´ jasgiowekjéra giwagáx hirežé. Gájuñga
[Then again] [how he should go] [to mark] [they did.] [Now]

 

 

homiñg[β´] hipe-î giwagáx hire[ʆ´]. Giwázenihéga
homiñgéja hipe-î giwagáx hirežé. Giwázenihéga
[in bed] [to rest his head] [to mark] [they did.] [Having run]

 

 

hâhé[υ], hahínâ[ʆ] [γ´]. Haini[ϕ], tci[β´]
hâhéregi, hahínâže gíži. Hainigajâ, čiéja
[at night,] [he camped ?] [.] [The next morning,] [at the lodge]

 

 

hagína[⨪´][ʆ]. Gixaídja nánihera. Haininégi wagaíre[ʆ],†
hagínanáñkše. Gixaíja nánihera. Haininégi wagaíreže,
he was asleep.* [In the wilderness] he had slept. [The next morning] they said to him,
*before this phrase the word "they" has been crossed out.
†the first /a/ has been written above an /o/ which has been crossed out.

 

 

"Djagú'û [ϕ] homiñg[β´] wogízuk ramiñgeni?"
"Jagú'û hañké homiñgéja wogízuk ramiñgeni?"
"Why not in the bed right do you not lay?"

 

 

higaíre[ʆ]. [α], "Niñgágwirá, hâhére îcdjûwáñ[ɕ]
higaíreže. Égi, "Niñgágwirá, hâhére îšjûwáñxjî
[they said to him.] [Then,] ["My sons,] [at night] [I was getting very sleepy]

 

 

p. 35 —*
hakirirá homiñg[β´] hamiñkcánâ, 'yáre[ϕ]. [ϕ]
hakirirá homiñgéja hamiñkšánâ, 'yáregajâ. Hañké
[on the way back] [in bed] [I lay down,] [I thought.] [Not]
*at the top of this page Radin writes, "wak'aî´tcañk = a half mythical animal in appearance like a cat which is occasionally see by the W. When seen at night, they appear to have fire in their eyes. If they are seen they cause the person seeing them to become sick."

 

 

jesgáninâ." [α] wagaíre[ʆ],* "Djadjí, djagú
žesgáninâ." Égi wagaíreže, "Jají, jagú
[I cannot be."] [And] [they said to him,] ["Father,] [what]
*the first /a/ has been written above a crossed out /o/.

 

 

c'û´nadjerá, yapéres hadjâ´winâ. Hatcî´dja djasgé
š'û´najerá, yapéres hajâ´winâ. Hačî´ja jasgé
you are doing, [I know] [we did it.] Where [how]

 

 

howé racáwañgra 'yapérez hadjâ´winâ. Hiñké
howé rašáwañgra 'yapérez hajâ´winâ. Hiñké
on the way you are going [I know] [we did it.] [Not]

 

 

hinákiju c'ûnikdjáwigi, megí tci[⨪´]ijâ
hinákižu š'ûnikjáwigi, megí čináñgižâ
with us* if you don't want to stay, over here a village
*the translation has "with you".

 

 

[⨪][ɜ´], [β] horawácar[ρ´] [β] hinûk´ nakónoñki.
nañkšánâ, eja horawášaránañga éja hinûk´ nakónoñki.
there is, there go and [there] [woman] you may go & get married.

 

 

[β] c'ûnadjanánâ. Hagaíra hidjá hanitcá
Eja š'ûnajanánâ. Hagaíra hijá haničá
[There] you could remain. Sometimes [there] we see you

 

 

hiwícununâ´nâ." "Hiniñká[ɕ]na, p'î´ waragáwina." [ε]
hiwíšununâ´nâ." "Hiniñkáxjîna, p'î´ waragáwina." Esge
we will go back." "My sons, good you mean." [And so]

 

 

[β] karakére hahíre[ʆ]. Hi'úñgiwina konóñk[ʆ]. [α]
eja karakére hahíreže. Hi'úñgiwina konóñkše. Egi
[there] they took him to. The princess he married. [And]

 

 

inéki tci[β´] hakíri 'uîne[ʆ].
inéki čiéja hakíri 'uîneže.
[alone] [at the lodge] [they returned] [they did.]

 

Source:

Jasper Blowsnake, "Waretcawera," in Paul Radin, Winnebago Notebooks, Freeman Numbers 3850, 3896, 3897 (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, n.d.) Notebook 67: 1-40 [31-35].