Hočąk Text — First Contact
interlinear text by Richard L. Dieterle
hapaxlegomena: 'ųnigigi, "to land"; hawašu, "to pour on something"; hehere, "he was" (emphatic reduplication of the first syllable ?); skara, "the whites" used to denote white people; waruwuč, "to pour (rub ?) on someone" (cf. the stem wu, to apply pressure); wawanąk, "to be victorious"; wonąk, "to shake"; wošgara, "honors".
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rare words: hokisa, "battle", attested only by Jipson; kipahi, "to be sharp"; ta, "to ask for", attested only by Marino; warujox, "to make something explode" (attested only in Seboek); wogita, wogit'a, "to ask, tell, them".
|
frequent use of -ke, "often".
|
the use of a very odd construction: kanąknįžą, "a not-to-marry" ("not having made a marriage"); similarly, hiruxurukižą, "an obtainer".
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use of reduplication for emphasis: hehere, "he emphatically was"; hok'ųk'ų, "to give abundantly".
|
a strong preference for the full -kjanaheną over the contracted -kjaneną.
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the use of hajire, "it is come (down)", in reference to a tradition.
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the use of Mą'ųra rather than Mą'ųna for Earthmaker.
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Words in brackets are those not found in the loose translation of Paul Radin (see below).
p. 1 —
|
Ao ttA Kse
|
K * liAi ni (?).
|
w Kdi K [...]s ‡
|
de e.
|
mo K doAotto ‡‡
|
|
H?očąkre
|
g[i]-pi[ni]†
|
wąkšik[-į]ra
|
žee
|
Mogašuč
|
|
[...]
|
they liked (?)
|
living (?)
|
[these]
|
Red Banks
|
*after the letter /
K/ there is a dash followed slightly above the line by "#17". To the right of this is a large spot of ink, which may or may not cover further characters.
†this may be
K[...] w K[o] liAi ni, "... spirits".
‡some syllables from the second line of this story are partly occluded due to ink spots and other damage to the top right corner of the manuscript.
‡‡there is a large superscripted "1" written to the right of the syllable /
mo/.
|
ay se Ki di
|
e tt.
|
Ao ttAK
|
wi Ky se Ki di.
|
w KdiKi i ne de.
|
|
airegiži,
|
éja
|
Hočąk
|
wigairegiži,
|
wąkšik-įneže.
|
|
[as they say,]
|
[there]
|
["Hočąk"]
|
[as they called them,]
|
[they lived.]
|
|
A Ke
|
dKe.
|
wi so Ko
|
w d
|
A ni s ni de.
|
|
Hąké
|
ške
|
wiroku
|
wažą
|
haniranįže.
|
|
Not
|
[also]
|
tool
|
anything
|
they did not have.
|
|
m s.
|
m ttoKo s.
|
e Ki
|
di Ke.
|
leAe tti o.
|
|
Mąra
|
mąčgúra
|
égi
|
žigé
|
peji'ų
|
|
Arrows
|
bows
|
and
|
[again]
|
fire-starter
|
|
leAette
|
t e
|
Ai s n.
|
de de Ko
|
Ki s.
|
|
peč
|
tae
|
hiraną.
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Žežegų
|
kira
|
|
[fire]
|
[to light]
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they had.
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[Thus]
|
[only]
|
|
Ai se de.
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Ai Ke.
|
mr
|
wi so Ko
|
de rKe
|
|
hireže.
|
Hįké
|
mąz
|
wiroku
|
žesge
|
|
[they did.]
|
Not
|
iron
|
[tools]
|
[that kind]
|
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w d
|
A ni s ni de.
|
i ni s.
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Ai d.
|
mr
|
|
wažą
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haniranįže.
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Inira
|
hižą
|
mąz
|
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[things]
|
they did not have.
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Stones
|
[one of them]
|
iron
|
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ni rKe.
|
A tty se
|
deKe
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w K ttAK deAe
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ay s n K.
|
|
nisge
|
hajaire
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ške
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wakąčąkše,
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airánąga
|
|
like
|
they saw
|
[even]
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it was holy,
|
they say, and
|
p. 2 —
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t ni
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Ao Ki do
|
Ai s n de.
|
t ni s.
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di Ke
|
|
tani
|
hokižu
|
hiranaže.
|
Taníra
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žigé
|
|
tobacco
|
[with it]
|
[it was.]
|
Tobacco
|
[again]
|
|
de e
|
A ni
|
w KidiKi i ne de.
|
e
|
w d
|
|
žee
|
hani
|
wąkšik-įneže.
|
E
|
wažą
|
|
that
|
to have
|
[they lived.]
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It
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[something]
|
|
ttAo ni s.
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Ai Ki se se de.
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e Ki.
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A t Ki ntt tti s n K.
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w K ttA Ki se de.
|
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čonira
|
higirereže.
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Égi
|
hataginąčiranąga
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wakąčąkireže.
|
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from the beginning
|
[it came to them.]
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And
|
[they dreamt, and]
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they were holy.
|
|
e Ki.
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wo dK s.
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Ai d.
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xeAe te Ki di.
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wK w doAo deAe s
|
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Égi
|
wošgara
|
hižą
|
xetegiži,
|
wąkwašošera
|
|
And
|
honors
|
[one of them]
|
it was great,
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a brave man
|
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Ae se de.
|
e rKe.
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Ki r s
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dA n
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oyi se de.
|
|
hereže.
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Ésge
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kisara
|
šana
|
'ųireže.
|
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it was.
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[For that reason]
|
[fighting]
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only
|
they did.
|
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tt tt n Ki di.
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Aoyi diAili
|
Ki r K s Kttl nK ra de.
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Al lK
|
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Jająnągiži,
|
hoišip,
|
kisak
|
karakjąpnąks'aže.
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Hąpak
|
|
Always,
|
at all times,
|
[killing]
|
they were always prepared.
|
[Every day]
|
p. 3 —
|
Ai K K.
|
w di tt Ai s.
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Ai d
|
K s Kttl li s ni de.
|
e Ki.
|
di Ke.
|
|
hįkaga
|
wažįjahįra
|
hižą
|
karakjąpiranįže.
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Égi
|
žigé
|
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[never]
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[anything else]
|
[one]
|
[they were not prepared.]
|
[And]
|
[again]
|
|
e dA n.
|
so xoAo soKo
|
n i nK deAe.
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Ai d.
|
to ttA n K.
|
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ešana
|
ruxuruk
|
na'įnąkše.
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Hižą
|
točąnąga
|
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[it alone]
|
[to accomplish]
|
[they tried.]
|
One
|
he went on the warpath, and
|
|
so A
|
tee Ai Ktte
|
de rKe
|
so Ko nK ra de.
|
e Ki.
|
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rohą
|
t'ehikje,
|
žesge
|
rokonąks'aže.
|
Égi
|
|
many
|
he would kill,
|
[this way]
|
[he would be great.]
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[And]
|
|
Ai d.
|
A t Ki ntt Ki di.
|
so A xitti n Ki di.
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Al
|
so A xitti
|
Ai Ke
|
|
hižą
|
hataginąčgiži,
|
rohąxjįnagiži,
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hąp
|
rohąxjį
|
hiké
|
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[one]
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[if he dreamt,]
|
[if he did much,]
|
day
|
very many
|
not
|
|
w so ttiniy n K.
|
e Ki.
|
t ni
|
wo Ki do Ke Ki di.
|
w xoAo liAi ni
|
|
waručnįanąga
|
égi
|
tani
|
wogižukegiži,
|
waxopini
|
|
he did not eat, and
|
[then]
|
tobacco
|
if he offered it often,
|
spirits
|
p. 4 —
|
w s tt[i] se.
|
n tto tty se Ki di.
|
de e.
|
Ao Ki ry tt.
|
Ai Ke
|
|
waráj[i]re
|
nąjojaįgiži,
|
žee
|
hokisaija
|
hįké
|
|
[the various ones]
|
if they blessed him,
|
[this one]
|
in battle
|
not
|
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tee Ai Ai se
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A liAini n Ki.
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Ai leAe se ri se Ke.
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de de rKe
|
Ai s.
|
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t'ehihire
|
hapinįnąki,
|
hiperezirege.
|
Žežesge
|
hira,
|
|
they kill him
|
[it would not be easy ?],
|
they knew it.
|
This sort
|
they did,
|
|
so K n
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w oyi se ra de.
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di Ke.
|
w Ki Ko Ke
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Ai se de.
|
|
rokana
|
wa'ųires'aže.
|
Žigé
|
wagigoke
|
hireže.
|
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[much]
|
[they would do it.]
|
[Again]
|
to give feasts often
|
they did.
|
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Ai d
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w Ki Ko Ki di.
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w xoAo liAi ni
|
w s tti se.
|
t ni
|
|
Hižą
|
wagigogiži,
|
waxopini
|
warajire
|
tani
|
|
[One]
|
if he gave feasts,
|
spirits
|
[the various ones]
|
tobacco
|
|
Ao Ki do Ki di.
|
rA ni Ki.
|
w lA Ai s.
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Ki lA Ai Ktte
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t nK dAe.
|
|
hokižugiži,
|
sanįki
|
wapahira
|
kipahikje
|
tanąkše.
|
|
if he offers,
|
[one side]
|
their weapons
|
they will be sharp
|
they asked for.
|
p. 5 —
|
rA ni Ki
|
w tee Ai Ktte
|
w K nK deAe.
|
e rKe
|
w Ki Ko Ke s
|
|
Sanįki
|
wat'ehikje
|
wakanąkše.
|
Ésge
|
wagigokera
|
|
[One side]
|
[they will kill them]
|
[they meant.]
|
That is why
|
to give feasts often
|
|
so K n
|
Ai se ra de.
|
Ki r s.
|
w w n Kette
|
a n K
|
|
rokana
|
hires'aže.
|
Kisara
|
wawanąkje,
|
ánąga
|
|
many
|
they would do.
|
[Fighting]
|
they will be victorious,
|
[and]
|
|
w o nK n de.
|
w Ki Ko n Ki.
|
w xoAo liAi ni.
|
w s tti se.
|
t ni
|
|
wa'ųnąknąže.
|
Wigigonągi,
|
waxopini
|
warajire
|
tani
|
|
[they would do it.]
|
[If they give feasts,]
|
[spirits]
|
[the various ones]
|
[tobacco]
|
|
Ao Ki do n K.
|
wo n xi se
|
Ai so K n s.
|
wi K nK deAe.
|
de e
|
|
hokižunąga
|
Wonaǧire
|
Hirokanara
|
wiganąkše.
|
Žee
|
|
[they offered, and]
|
War
|
[the Controllers]
|
[they would call upon.]
|
[That]
|
p. 6 —
|
e tt
|
de rKe
|
Ao Koo Ai se Ki di.
|
so Ko n K
|
de rKe
|
|
éja
|
žesge
|
hok’ųhiregiži,
|
rokonąka
|
žesge
|
|
[there]
|
[that kind]
|
[after they gave it,]
|
[the great ones]
|
[this way]
|
|
Ao Koo Ai se Ktt n Ae Ke
|
w o nK dAe.
|
w Ki Ko n Kse.
|
|
hok'ųhirekjanahege,
|
wa'ųnąkše,
|
[wagigonąkre.]
|
|
if they would bless,
|
[they did it,]
|
[the feasts.]
|
At this point in the story the narrator inserted the Tobacco Origin Myth, Version 1 (q.v.). It is omitted here. For the Hočąk text, see Hočąk Syllabic Text — Tobacco Origins Myth, Version 1.
p. 14 —
|
e Ki.
|
A Ko seyi d.
|
te n tte tt
|
w di d.
|
A tti
|
|
Égi
|
hagoreižą,
|
teną́jeja
|
wažį́žą
|
haji
|
|
Then
|
[in the course of time,]
|
in the middle of the lake
|
something
|
to come
|
|
A xele deAe.
|
Green Bay *
|
te
|
e tt.
|
Ai ttAe tte tt
|
|
haxepše.
|
Green Bay
|
te
|
eja
|
hičejeja
|
|
it appeared.
|
Green Bay
|
lake
|
there
|
on the edge
|
*written in Latin cursive.
|
ttAi
|
w o nK deAe.
|
e tt
|
tteAe Kitti
|
w xoAo liAi ni s.
|
|
či
|
wa'ųnąkše.
|
Éja
|
čekjį
|
waxopinira
|
|
[lodge]
|
[it was it.]
|
[There]
|
[the first time]
|
[the spirits]
|
|
wi si tti se de.
|
m Ai xAe te s.
|
e Ki.
|
A Ko sey d.
|
a deKe
|
|
wirijireže,
|
Mąhixetera.
|
Égi
|
hagoreižą,
|
aške
|
|
[they came,]
|
[the Big Knives.]
|
[Then]
|
[finally,]
|
near
|
p. 15 —
|
A tti se de
|
w Kidi Kn Kese.
|
t ni
|
A ni s n K.
|
e Ki.
|
|
hajíreže.
|
Wąkšiknąkre
|
tani
|
haniranąga
|
égi
|
|
they came.
|
[The men]
|
tobacco
|
they had, and
|
[then]
|
|
n li so x tts.
|
ttA A rK.
|
A ni s n K.
|
te
|
Ai tteAe tte tt
|
|
nąpiruxáčra
|
čahaska
|
haniranąga
|
te
|
hičejeja
|
|
the offerings
|
white deerskins
|
[they had, and]
|
lake
|
on the edge
|
|
A Ai
|
n di ne de.
|
e Ki.
|
A o ni xitti
|
Ai Ko so Ao
|
|
hahi
|
nąžįneže.
|
Égi
|
ha'ųnixjį
|
hikorohó
|
|
to go
|
they stood.
|
[Then]
|
about to land
|
to get ready
|
|
Ai se K tt.
|
Ai do Ks.
|
w Ke tt
|
A lA Ai
|
w so tto xi se de.
|
|
hiregają,
|
hižugra
|
wągéja
|
hapahi
|
warujoxireže.
|
|
when they were,
|
guns
|
above
|
towards
|
[they made them explode.]
|
|
w Kdi Kn Kse
|
w wi K s Ki
|
w oyi se de.
|
no ni Ke.
|
w KidiKi n Kese.
|
|
Wąkšiknąkre
|
wawikaragi
|
wa'ųireže,
|
nunige
|
Wąkšiknąkre
|
|
The Indians
|
to salute
|
they were doing it,
|
but
|
the Indians
|
p. 16 —
|
wy se de.
|
Ao Ao.
|
w K tt
|
w o nK dA n
|
ay se de.
|
|
waíreže,
|
"Hohó,
|
Wakąja
|
wa'ųnąkšaną,"
|
aíreže.
|
|
they said,
|
["Hohó,]
|
Thunderbirds
|
they are,"
|
[they said.]
|
|
Ai K K.
|
Ai do Koo
|
w n xoKo ni n Ki di.
|
e rKe.
|
w K tt
|
|
Hįkaga
|
hižuk'ų
|
wanaxguninagžiž,
|
ésge
|
Wakąja
|
|
Never
|
the report of a gun
|
they had not heard before,
|
that is why
|
Thunderbirds
|
|
wi s n i ne de.
|
w tts
|
o ni Ki Ki se Ki di.
|
n ls.
|
w Ki w A
|
|
wirana'įneže.
|
Wačra
|
'ųnigigiregiži,
|
nąpra
|
wagiwahą
|
|
they thought they were.
|
Their boats
|
after they had landed,
|
hands
|
to extend
|
|
Ai se Ki di
|
t ni
|
Ai tt
|
wo Ki do
|
Ai se ra de.
|
|
hiregiži,
|
tani
|
hija
|
wogižu
|
hires'aže.
|
|
after they did,
|
tobacco
|
there
|
to put
|
[they would do.]
|
|
n ls.
|
wo nK
|
n i
|
w o nK
|
no ni Ke.
|
|
Nąpra
|
wonąk
|
ną'į
|
wa'ųnąk,
|
nunige
|
|
Hands
|
to shake
|
to want
|
they did it,
|
but
|
|
Ai deKe.
|
w se ni K.
|
A ni n K
|
deKe
|
Ai Ke
|
|
hišge
|
warenį́ka
|
haninąka,
|
ške
|
hįké
|
|
[indeed]
|
[whiteman]
|
[as he held it,]
|
[also]
|
not
|
p. 17 —
|
de rKe
|
Ai leAe se rini tte Ke.
|
tt Ko
|
o Ktte ni reKe de.
|
Ai Ko
|
|
žesge
|
hipereznįjege,
|
jagu
|
'ųkjenisgeže.
|
Higų
|
|
that
|
they did not know
|
what
|
he should do with it.
|
[Yet]
|
|
Ao t deKe.
|
w w Ki oy se de.
|
ttA lo ni A s.
|
t ni
|
w so wotto tti se de.
|
|
hotašgé
|
wawaki'ųireže,
|
čabónihára
|
tani
|
waruwujireže.
|
|
some
|
they put it on them,
|
the top of their heads
|
tobacco
|
they poured it on them.
|
|
wo n xi se
|
w Ki t
|
w o nK deAe.
|
w se ni K.
|
wo Ki ta *
|
|
Wonąǧire
|
wagita
|
wa'ųnąkše.
|
Warenį́ka
|
wogit'a
|
|
War
|
to ask
|
they did it.
|
[The whitemen]
|
to tell
|
*the terminal letter looks more like an /n/, but if it were, the spelling would not be coherent.
|
n i K dKe.
|
A Ke
|
se dKe
|
w d
|
de rK n ni de.
|
|
ną'įkaške,
|
hąké
|
rešge
|
wažą
|
žesganąnįže.
|
|
[they tried repeatedly,]
|
not
|
[even]
|
[anything]
|
[they could not do.]
|
|
A Ai.
|
w d s.
|
ttAo doKo ni
|
w o nK s.
|
w wi lAe se ri se Ki di.
|
|
Hahi
|
wažąra
|
čųšguni
|
wa'ųnąkra,
|
wawipereziregiži,
|
|
After awhile
|
[the things]
|
[perhaps to have]
|
[they were it,]
|
[they knew about them, and]
|
p. 18 —
|
mr
|
wi o
|
w Ki Ko ri se de.
|
w n K wy se de
|
deKe.
|
|
mąz
|
wi'ų
|
wagigųzireže.
|
Wanąkawaireže,
|
ške
|
|
ax
|
to use them
|
they taught them.
|
They were afraid of them,
|
[even]
|
e Ki.
|
w K ttAK
|
wi s n i n Ke.
|
di Ke.
|
Ai do Ki se Ki
|
égi
|
wakąčąk
|
wiraną'įnąke.
|
Žigé
|
hižukiregi
|
[then]
|
holy
|
as they thought.
|
Again
|
guns
|
|
dKe.
|
Ai o s.
|
w Ki Ko ri se de.
|
te e ttA
|
w K ttA Ki se d[e]
|
|
ške
|
hi'ųra
|
wagigųzireže.
|
Teečą
|
wakąčąkirež[e],
|
|
[also]
|
to use
|
they taught them.
|
[These indeed]
|
they were holy,
|
|
a nK deAe.
|
e tt.
|
Ai dKe
|
w se n[i] K.
|
w o de.
|
|
anąkše.
|
Éja
|
hišge
|
waren[i]ka
|
wa'ųže,
|
|
[they said.]
|
[There]
|
[also]
|
[the whiteman]
|
[he did it,]
|
|
w Kono ni Ki d.
|
t n[i]
|
Ai Ki di.
|
ni
|
A w doAo de.
|
|
wąknunįkižą
|
tan[i]
|
higiži,
|
ni
|
hawašuže.
|
|
an old man
|
to smoke
|
as he did,
|
water
|
he poured on him.
|
p. 19 —
|
ta e nK deAe
|
e Ke.
|
tti
|
ni.
|
Ai Ke
|
t ni Ai
|
|
Taenąkše,
|
ege
|
ji
|
ni,
|
hįké
|
tanihi
|
|
It burned,
|
[as he thought,]
|
[to come]
|
[water,]
|
[not]
|
[he was smoking]
|
|
Ai leAe se ri s ni de
|
e tt.
|
Ke ni
|
t ni s.
|
Ai leAe se ri s ni de |
|
hipereziranįže.
|
Éja
|
keni
|
taníra
|
hipereziranįže. |
|
they did not know.
|
[There]
|
[before]
|
[smoking]
|
[before they knew.] |
|
e Ki.
|
A Ai
|
o nK Koo
|
w o mK
|
ni rKe
|
|
Égi
|
hahi
|
'ųnąnk'ų
|
wa'ųmąk
|
nisge
|
|
[Then]
|
after awhile,
|
[finally,]
|
accustomed to them
|
[like]
|
|
Ai se de.
|
A Ai.
|
Ai do Kn K.
|
w wi o s.
|
w wi lAe se ri se de.
|
|
hireže.
|
Hahi
|
hižuknąka
|
wawi'ųra
|
wawiperezireže.
|
|
[they were.]
|
After awhile,
|
the guns
|
[the use of them]
|
[they knew about them.]
|
|
mr n K
|
deKe.
|
e tt.
|
di Ke.
|
w d
|
|
Mąznąka
|
šge
|
éja
|
žigé
|
wažą
|
|
Axes
|
[also]
|
[there]
|
[again]
|
[things]
|
p. 20 —
|
w wi Ki so ttA
|
Ai se de.
|
w A.
|
de rKe
|
w wi Ki so ttA
|
|
wawíkiručą́
|
hireže.
|
Wahá
|
žesge
|
wawíkiručą́
|
|
to trade
|
they did.
|
Furs
|
[that kind]
|
to trade
|
|
Ai se de.
|
Ai do Ks.
|
m rs.
|
m Ai s.
|
no ni Ke.
|
|
hireže,
|
hižukra,
|
mązra,
|
mąhira,
|
nunige
|
|
they did,
|
guns,
|
axes,
|
knives,
|
but
|
|
Ai Ko
|
w K ttA Ki se de
|
Ai s nK dAe.
|
e Ki.
|
A Ko sey d.
|
|
higų
|
wakąčąkireže,
|
hiranąkše.
|
Égi
|
hagoreižą,
|
|
still
|
they were holy,
|
[they thought.]
|
[Then]
|
[in time,]
|
|
Ai do Kn K.
|
w wi o s.
|
Ai leAe se ri se Ki di.
|
m dtt
|
Ki liAi se de.
|
|
hižuknąka
|
wawi'ųra
|
hipereziregiži,
|
mąšją
|
gipireže.
|
|
the guns
|
the use
|
they learned, and
|
very much
|
they liked.
|
|
e tt.
|
w o nK deAe.
|
A Ae se Ki
|
deKe.
|
leAe tto too Ai s n K.
|
|
Éja
|
wa'ųnąkše.
|
Hąhéregi
|
ške
|
pejot'ųhiranąga
|
|
[There]
|
[they did it.]
|
At night
|
[also]
|
they woud build fires, and
|
p. 21 —
|
e tt |
Ai do Ki o tt
|
Ai se de.
|
A Ke
|
Ay ni
|
A leAe |
Ai s ni de. |
|
éja |
hižuki'ųja
|
hireže.
|
Hąké
|
haíni
|
hapé |
hiranįže. |
|
there |
to try their guns out
|
they did.
|
Not
|
morning
|
to wait |
they could not. |
|
rii xitti
|
Ai s n i ne de.
|
Ay ni Ki
|
A leAe s.
|
e tt.
|
|
S'ixjį
|
hiraną'įneže.
|
Hainigi
|
hapera
|
éja,
|
|
[For a long time]
|
[they thought about it.]
|
[When morning]
|
[that they waited for]
|
[there,]
|
|
Ai do Ks
|
w so de n
|
Ai se Ki di.
|
A ttiy K sy se de.
|
di Ke
|
|
hižukra
|
waružena
|
hiregiži,
|
hajiakaraireže.
|
Žigé
|
|
[guns]
|
[taking them apart]
|
[after they were,]
|
[they went home.]
|
Again
|
|
A tti se Ktt n Ae de.
|
w wi Ky se de.
|
Ai Ko K tt K.
|
wi Ko Ko rs
|
|
hajirekjanaheže.
|
Wawigaireže,
|
higų gająga,
|
wigųgųsra
|
|
they would come.
|
[They said to them,]
|
by this time
|
making signs
|
|
dKe.
|
tt Ko
|
e
|
w o Ai se K.
|
w wi Ki leAe se leAe sere wi de.
|
|
ške
|
jagu
|
e
|
wa'ųhirega,
|
wawigipereperezwiže.
|
|
[also]
|
[how]
|
[it]
|
[as they did it,]
|
they learned to make themselves understood.
|
p. 22 —
e Ki.
|
e tt.
|
Ai no l A s.
|
A tti se Ki di.
|
w d s.
|
|
Égi
|
éj
|
hinųpáhąra
|
hajíregiži,
|
wažąra
|
|
[And]
|
there
|
the second time
|
when they went,
|
[the things]
|
|
A ntt.
|
A ni
|
A tti se de.
|
e tt
|
dKe.
|
|
haną́č
|
hanį
|
hajireže.
|
Éja
|
ške
|
|
all
|
possessing
|
[they came.]
|
There
|
[also]
|
|
w so ttA Ks.
| w Ki Ko ri se de. |
mr
|
wi o s
|
dKe.
|
|
waručakra
| wagigųzireže. |
Mąz
|
wi'ųra,
|
ške
|
|
sewing
| they taught them. |
Ax
|
how to use it,
|
and
|
|
m Ai
|
wi o s
|
dKe.
|
e tt.
|
Ae se de.
|
|
mąhi
|
wi'ųra
|
ške
|
éja
|
hereže.
|
|
knife
|
how to use it,
|
and
|
[there]
|
[they did.]
|
Source:
Paul Radin, "Winnebago Contact with the French," Winnebago Notebooks, Freeman #3897 (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, n.d.) Winnebago V, #17, 1-6, 14-22. A loose translation is found in Paul Radin, The Winnebago Tribe (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1990 [1923]) 17-19.
